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  1. The major uptake system responsible for the transport of fructose, glucose, and sucrose in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 is the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). The genes encodin...

    Authors: Lars Gaigalat, Jan-Philip Schlüter, Michelle Hartmann, Sascha Mormann, Andreas Tauch, Alfred Pühler and Jörn Kalinowski
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:104
  2. In situ detection of short sequence elements in genomic DNA requires short probes with high molecular resolution and powerful specific signal amplification. Padlock probes can differentiate single base variati...

    Authors: Jakob S Lohmann, Magnus Stougaard and Jørn Koch
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:103
  3. RNA Polymerase II (RNAP II) is recruited to core promoters by the pre-initiation complex (PIC) of general transcription factors. Within the PIC, transcription factor for RNA polymerase IIB (TFIIB) determines t...

    Authors: Gregory S Yochum, Veena Rajaraman, Ryan Cleland and Shannon McWeeney
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:102
  4. Varicella Zoster Virus Immediate Early 63 protein (IE63) has been shown to be essential for VZV replication, and critical for latency establishment. The activity of the protein as a transcriptional regulator i...

    Authors: Lionel Habran, Nadia El Mjiyad, Emmanuel Di Valentin, Catherine Sadzot-Delvaux, Sébastien Bontems and Jacques Piette
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:99
  5. Effective and stable knockdown of multiple gene targets by RNA interference is often necessary to overcome isoform redundancy, but it remains a technical challenge when working with intractable cell systems.

    Authors: Xiaocui Zhu, Leah A Santat, Mi Sook Chang, Jamie Liu, Joelle R Zavzavadjian, Estelle A Wall, Christine Kivork, Melvin I Simon and Iain DC Fraser
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:98
  6. Efficient and correct repair of DNA damage, especially DNA double-strand breaks, is critical for cellular survival. Defects in the DNA repair may lead to cell death or genomic instability and development of ca...

    Authors: Karin H Karlsson and Bo Stenerlöw
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:97
  7. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme that plays critical functions in many biological processes, including DNA repair and gene transcription. The main function of PARP-1 is to catalyze th...

    Authors: Karine Zaniolo, Serge Desnoyers, Steeve Leclerc and Sylvain L Guérin
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:96
  8. The prolactin-related proteins (PRPs) are non-classical placental-specific members of the prolactin/growth hormone family. Among ruminants, they are expressed in the cotyledonary villi of cattle and goat. We i...

    Authors: Koichi Ushizawa, Toru Takahashi, Misa Hosoe, Katsuhiro Ohkoshi and Kazuyoshi Hashizume
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:95
  9. In the C. albicans retrotransposon Tca2, the gag and pol ORFs are separated by a UGA stop codon, 3' of which is a potential RNA pseudoknot. It is unclear how the Tca2 gag UGA codon is bypassed to allow pol expres...

    Authors: Elaine M Forbes, Siân R Nieduszynska, Fiona K Brunton, Joanne Gibson, L Anne Glover and Ian Stansfield
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:94
  10. In functional genomics, transcript measurement is of fundamental importance. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays are the most popular technology and depend on the init...

    Authors: Jean-Philippe Levesque-Sergerie, Mathieu Duquette, Catherine Thibault, Louis Delbecchi and Nathalie Bissonnette
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:93
  11. The bacterial Sm-like protein Hfq is known as an important regulator involved in many reactions of RNA metabolism. A prominent function of Hfq is the stimulation of RNA polyadenylation catalyzed by E. coli poly(A...

    Authors: Marion Scheibe, Sonja Bonin, Eliane Hajnsdorf, Heike Betat and Mario Mörl
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:92
  12. Genomic DNA methylation affects approximately 1% of DNA bases in humans, with the most common event being the addition of a methyl group to the cytosine residue present in the CpG (cytosine-guanine) dinucleoti...

    Authors: Simon Hughes and J Louise Jones
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:91
  13. Human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn) and eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) are members of a subfamily of primate ribonuclease (rnase) genes. Although they are generated by gene duplication event, distinct ed...

    Authors: Hsiu-Yu Wang, Hao-Teng Chang, Tun-Wen Pai, Chung-I Wu, Yuan-Hung Lee, Yen-Hsin Chang, Hsiu-Ling Tai, Chuan-Yi Tang, Wei-Yao Chou and Margaret Dah-Tsyr Chang
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:89
  14. Although staphylokianse (SAK) is among the most promising blood dissolving agents, it is far from ideal. It is interesting to hypothesize that the clot lysis efficacy of SAK can be enhanced with direct active ...

    Authors: Hongshan Chen, Wei Mo, Huabo Su, Yanling Zhang and Houyan Song
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:88
  15. The 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (TMG) cap structure is an important functional characteristic of ncRNAs with critical cellular roles, such as some snRNAs. Here we used immunoprecipitation with both K121 and R1131...

    Authors: Dong Jia, Lun Cai, Housheng He, Geir Skogerbø, Tiantian Li, Muhammad Nauman Aftab and Runsheng Chen
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:86
  16. Genetic experiments have clarified that p63 is a key transcription factor governing the establishment and maintenance of multilayered epithelia. Key to our understanding of p63 strategy is the identification o...

    Authors: Serena Borrelli, Barbara Testoni, Maurizio Callari, Daniela Alotto, Carlotta Castagnoli, Rose-Anne Romano, Satrajit Sinha, Alessandra M Viganò and Roberto Mantovani
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:85
  17. The homeodomain-containing transcription factor PITX3 was shown to be essential for normal eye development in vertebrates. Human patients with point mutations in PITX3 demonstrate congenital cataracts along with ...

    Authors: Satoru Sakazume, Elena Sorokina, Yoshiki Iwamoto and Elena V Semina
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:84
  18. Alternative splicing is a widespread mechanism of gene expression regulation. Previous analyses based on conventional RT-PCR reported the presence of an unspliced c-fos transcript in several mammalian systems. Co...

    Authors: Juan Jurado, Carlos A Fuentes-Almagro, María J Prieto-Álamo and Carmen Pueyo
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:83
  19. The Entamoeba histolytica EhrabB gene encodes for a Rab GTPase involved in phagocytosis. It is located at a virulence locus where the Ehcp112 gene is in the complementary strand at 332 bp of EhrabB start codon, s...

    Authors: Mónica Romero-Díaz, Consuelo Gómez, Israel López-Reyes, Máximo B Martínez, Esther Orozco and Mario A Rodríguez
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:82
  20. Genome integrity is constantly challenged and requires the coordinated recruitment of multiple enzyme activities to ensure efficient repair of DNA lesions. We investigated the dynamics of XRCC1 and PCNA that a...

    Authors: Oliver Mortusewicz and Heinrich Leonhardt
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:81
  21. The Gateway recombinatorial cloning system allows easy and rapid joining of DNA fragments. Here we report the construction and evaluation of three different Gram-positive vectors that can be used with the Mult...

    Authors: Tania M Perehinec, Saara NA Qazi, Sanyasi R Gaddipati, Vyvyan Salisbury, Catherine ED Rees and Philip J Hill
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:80
  22. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the most abundant groups of regulatory genes in multicellular organisms, playing important roles in many fundamental cellular processes. More than four hundred miRNAs have been id...

    Authors: Edyta Koscianska, Vesselin Baev, Konstantinia Skreka, Katerina Oikonomaki, Ventsislav Rusinov, Martin Tabler and Kriton Kalantidis
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:79
  23. We reported previously that the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) promoter drives cardiac-specific expression of reporter genes in cardiac muscle cells and in transgenic mice, and that disruption of GATA elements inac...

    Authors: Raffaella Di Lisi, Anne Picard, Simonetta Ausoni and Stefano Schiaffino
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:78
  24. Most molecular biology experiments, and the techniques associated with this field of study, involve a great deal of engineering in the form of molecular cloning. Like all forms of engineering, perfect informat...

    Authors: Alexandre Angers-Loustau, Jeffrey Rainy and Kirmo Wartiovaara
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:77
  25. Huntington's disease, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, and spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (SCA17) are caused by expansions in the polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats in Huntingtin protein (Htt), androgen receptor prot...

    Authors: Justin R Prigge and Edward E Schmidt
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:76
  26. The retroviral oncogene v-myb encodes a transcription factor (v-Myb) which is responsible for the transformation of myelomonocytic cells by avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV). v-Myb is thought to exert its biologic...

    Authors: Holger Gundelach, Daniel Braas and Karl-Heinz Klempnauer
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:75
  27. Cone degeneration is the hallmark of the inherited retinal disease retinitis pigmentosa. We have previously identified a trophic factor "Rod-derived Cone Viability Factor (RdCVF) that is secreted by rods and p...

    Authors: Frédéric Chalmel, Thierry Léveillard, Céline Jaillard, Aurélie Lardenois, Naomi Berdugo, Emmanuelle Morel, Patrice Koehl, George Lambrou, Arne Holmgren, José A Sahel and Olivier Poch
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:74
  28. The tight organisation of eukaryotic genomes as chromatin hinders the interaction of many DNA-binding regulators. The local accessibility of DNA is regulated by many chromatin modifying enzymes, among them the...

    Authors: Roger Ferreira, Anton Eberharter, Tiziana Bonaldi, Mariacristina Chioda, Axel Imhof and Peter B Becker
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:73
  29. Tumors expressing a transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor (TβRI) mutant with sequence deletions in a nine-alanine (9A) stretch of the signal peptide are reported to be highly associated with disease ...

    Authors: Kuo-Li Chen, Wan-Hsin Liu, Yi-Yuan Yang, Sy-Jye C Leu and Neng-Yao Shih
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:72
  30. The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway promotes the rapid degradation of mRNAs containing premature termination codons (PTCs). In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the activity of the NMD pathway depends on...

    Authors: Svetlana Chabelskaya, Valentina Gryzina, Svetlana Moskalenko, Catherine Le Goff and Galina Zhouravleva
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:71
  31. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Numerous studies have aimed at unravelling the physiological role of PPARδ as a transcriptional regulat...

    Authors: Kerstin Lundell, Petra Thulin, Anders Hamsten and Ewa Ehrenborg
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:70
  32. Enzymes involved in DNA metabolic events of the highly radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans are currently examined to understand the mechanisms that protect and repair the Deinococcus radiodurans geno...

    Authors: Melanie Blasius, Rebecca Buob, Igor V Shevelev and Ulrich Hubscher
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:69
  33. Recent analysis of immune-related genes within the sea urchin genome revealed a number of large gene families with vertebrate homologues, such as the Toll-like and NOD/NALP-like receptor families and C-type le...

    Authors: Katherine M Buckley and L Courtney Smith
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:68
  34. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a method for rapid and reliable quantification of mRNA transcription. Internal standards such as reference genes are used to normalise mRNA levels between different samples...

    Authors: Ann-Britt Nygard, Claus B Jørgensen, Susanna Cirera and Merete Fredholm
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:67
  35. Nucleolin is a major component of the nucleolus, but is also found in other cell compartments. This protein is involved in various aspects of ribosome biogenesis from transcription regulation to the assembly o...

    Authors: Iva Ugrinova, Karine Monier, Corinne Ivaldi, Marc Thiry, Sébastien Storck, Fabien Mongelard and Philippe Bouvet
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:66
  36. Pairing and synapsis of homologous chromosomes is required for normal chromosome segregation and the exchange of genetic material via recombination during meiosis. Synapsis is complete at pachytene following t...

    Authors: Scott A Boden, Nadim Shadiac, Elise J Tucker, Peter Langridge and Jason A Able
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:65
  37. Cytokines have essential roles on intercellular communications and are effective in using a variety of intracellular pathways. Among this multitude of signalling pathways, the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappaB) and...

    Authors: Sandrine Lafarge, Hind Hamzeh-Cognasse, Patricia Chavarin, Christian Genin, Olivier Garraud and Fabrice Cognasse
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:64
  38. RNA interference (RNAi) is a regulatory mechanism conserved in higher eukaryotes. The RNAi pathway generates small interfering RNA (siRNA) or micro RNA (miRNA) from either long double stranded stretches of RNA...

    Authors: Zachary Klase, Prachee Kale, Rafael Winograd, Madhur V Gupta, Mohammad Heydarian, Reem Berro, Timothy McCaffrey and Fatah Kashanchi
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:63
  39. Real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-qPCR) is the most accurate measure of gene expression in biological systems. The comparison of different samples requires th...

    Authors: Lindsey J Maccoux, Dylan N Clements, Fiona Salway and Philip JR Day
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:62
  40. Trinucleotide instability is a hallmark of degenerative neurological diseases like Huntington's disease, some forms of spinocerebellar ataxia and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). To investigate the effect of c...

    Authors: Walther JAA van den Broek, Derick G Wansink and Bé Wieringa
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:61
  41. CD36 is a multiligand receptor involved in various metabolic pathways, including cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Defect function or expression of CD36 can result in dyslipidemia or insulin resistanc...

    Authors: Louisa Cheung, Malin Andersen, Carolina Gustavsson, Jacob Odeberg, Leandro Fernández-Pérez, Gunnar Norstedt and Petra Tollet-Egnell
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:60
  42. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) NS5 is a viral nonstructural protein that carries both methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains. It is a key component of the viral RNA replicase comp...

    Authors: Yeon-Gu Kim, Ji-Seung Yoo, Jung-Hee Kim, Chan-Mi Kim and Jong-Won Oh
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:59
  43. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) can interfere with exon recognition and intron removal during pre-mRNA processing, and induce excision of a targeted exon from the mature gene transcript. AOs have been used in vi...

    Authors: Abbie M Adams, Penny L Harding, Patrick L Iversen, Catherine Coleman, Sue Fletcher and Steve D Wilton
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:57
  44. Gene transfer by electroporation (DNA electrotransfer) to muscle results in high level long term transgenic expression, showing great promise for treatment of e.g. protein deficiency syndromes. However little ...

    Authors: Pernille Hojman, John R Zibert, Hanne Gissel, Jens Eriksen and Julie Gehl
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:56
  45. Gene expression studies related to cancer diagnosis and treatment are becoming more important. Housekeeping genes that are absolutely reliable are essential for these studies to normalize gene expression. An i...

    Authors: Harun M Said, Carsten Hagemann, Jelena Stojic, Beate Schoemig, Giles H Vince, Michael Flentje, Klaus Roosen and Dirk Vordermark
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2007 8:55