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  1. Huntington's disease is a progressive autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the HD or Huntington's disease gene. Although micro array studies on patient and ...

    Authors: Willeke MC van Roon-Mom, Barry A Pepers, Peter AC 't Hoen, Carola ACM Verwijmeren, Johan T den Dunnen, Josephine C Dorsman and GertJan B van Ommen
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:84
  2. CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Proteinδ (C/EBPδ) is a member of the highly conserved C/EBP family of leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins. C/EBPδ is highly expressed in G0 growth arrested mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and "l...

    Authors: Yingjie Zhang, Tong Liu, Pearlly Yan, Tim Huang and Jim DeWille
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:83
  3. Pioglitazone was reported to improve hepatic steatosis and necroinflammation in human studies. To investigate whether the hepato-protective effect of pioglitazone was associated with an improvement of antioxid...

    Authors: Pi-Jung Hsiao, Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh, Kung-Kai Kuo, Wei-Wen Hung, Kun-Bow Tsai, Ching-Hsiu Yang, Ming-Lung Yu and Shyi-Jang Shin
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:82
  4. Regulation of the expression of particular genes can rely on mechanisms that are different from classical transcriptional and translational control. The LY6G5B and LY6G6D genes encode LY-6 domain proteins, whose ...

    Authors: Vincenzo Calvanese, Meera Mallya, R Duncan Campbell and Begoña Aguado
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:81
  5. Antisense transcription is a widespread phenomenon in plants and mammals. Our previous data on rice gene expression analysis by microarray indicated that the sense and antisense transcripts at the OsDof12 locus w...

    Authors: Dejun Li, Chunhua Yang, Xiaobing Li, Guobiao Ji and Lihuang Zhu
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:80
  6. Real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time RTqPCR) is a technique used to measure mRNA species copy number as a way to determine key genes involved in different biologica...

    Authors: Raquel PĂ©rez, Isabel Tupac-Yupanqui and Susana Dunner
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:79
  7. The rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) is a valuable and widely used model animal for biomedical research. However, quantitative analyses of rhesus gene expression profiles under diverse experimental conditions are l...

    Authors: Kung Ahn, Jae-Won Huh, Sang-Je Park, Dae-Soo Kim, Hong-Seok Ha, Yun-Ji Kim, Ja-Rang Lee, Kyu-Tae Chang and Heui-Soo Kim
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:78
  8. Phi29 polymerase based amplification methods provides amplified DNA with minimal changes in sequence and relative abundance for many biomedical applications. RNA virus detection using microarrays, however, can...

    Authors: Nicolas Berthet, Anita K Reinhardt, India Leclercq, Sven van Ooyen, Christophe Batéjat, Philip Dickinson, Rayna Stamboliyska, Iain G Old, Katherine A Kong, Laurent Dacheux, Hervé Bourhy, Giulia C Kennedy, Christian Korfhage, Stewart T Cole and Jean-Claude Manuguerra
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:77
  9. The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) added an extra level of intricacy to the already complex system regulating gene expression. These single-stranded RNA molecules, 18–25 nucleotides in length, negatively regu...

    Authors: Pamela A Davoren, Roisin E McNeill, Aoife J Lowery, Michael J Kerin and Nicola Miller
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:76
  10. Brown algae are plant multi-cellular organisms occupying most of the world coasts and are essential actors in the constitution of ecological niches at the shoreline. Ectocarpus siliculosus is an emerging model fo...

    Authors: Aude Le Bail, Simon M Dittami, Pierre-Olivier de Franco, Sylvie Rousvoal, Mark J Cock, Thierry Tonon and Bénédicte Charrier
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:75
  11. The piggyBac mobile element is quickly gaining popularity as a tool for the transgenesis of many eukaryotic organisms. By studying the transposase which catalyzes the movement of piggyBac, we may be able to modif...

    Authors: James H Keith, Cheryl A Schaeper, Tresa S Fraser and Malcolm J Fraser Jr
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:73
  12. The piggyBac transposable element is a popular tool for germ-line transgenesis of eukaryotes. Despite this, little is known about the mechanism of transposition or the transposase (TPase) itself. A thorough under...

    Authors: James H Keith, Tresa S Fraser and Malcolm J Fraser Jr
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:72
  13. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. Characterizing the transcriptional activity of ncRNA promoters is therefore a critical step toward understanding the complex cel...

    Authors: Tiantian Li, Housheng He, Yunfei Wang, Haixia Zheng, Geir Skogerbø and Runsheng Chen
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:71
  14. The rapid increase in whole genome fungal sequence information allows large scale functional analyses of target genes. Efficient transformation methods to obtain site-directed gene replacement, targeted over-e...

    Authors: Rasmus JN Frandsen, Jens A Andersson, Matilde B Kristensen and Henriette Giese
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:70
  15. For accuracy of quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), normalisation with suitable reference genes is required. To date, no reference genes have been validated for expression s...

    Authors: Eva Kriegova, Arsen Arakelyan, Regina Fillerova, Jaromir Zatloukal, Frantisek Mrazek, Zdenka Navratilova, Vitezslav Kolek, Roland M du Bois and Martin Petrek
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:69
  16. Methylation of CpG dinucleotides is a fundamental mechanism of epigenetic regulation in eukaryotic genomes. Development of methods for rapid genome wide methylation profiling will greatly facilitate both hypot...

    Authors: Gene E Ananiev, Steve Goldstein, Rod Runnheim, Dan K Forrest, Shiguo Zhou, Konstantinos Potamousis, Chris P Churas, Veit Bergendahl, James A Thomson and David C Schwartz
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:68
  17. The surge in the number of gene expression studies and tendencies to increase the quality of analysis have necessitated the identification of stable reference genes. Although rabbits are classical experimental...

    Authors: Solomon Mamo, Arpad Baji Gal, Zsuzsanna Polgar and Andras Dinnyes
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:67
  18. this study set out to examine the effects of the treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) [150 IU/Kg (3.75 ÎĽg/Kg) one a day, for 15 days] to non-diabetic rats and in rats rendered diabetic by a single inj...

    Authors: Consuelo Calle, Begoña Maestro and Moisés García-Arencibia
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:65
  19. Real-time PCR is a reliable tool with which to measure mRNA transcripts, and provides valuable information on gene expression profiles. Endogenous controls such as housekeeping genes are used to normalise mRNA...

    Authors: Nicholas Silver, Emanuele Cotroneo, Gordon Proctor, Samira Osailan, Katherine L Paterson and Guy H Carpenter
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:64
  20. Traumatic brain injury models are widely studied, especially through gene expression, either to further understand implied biological mechanisms or to assess the efficiency of potential therapies. A large numb...

    Authors: Hervé Rhinn, Catherine Marchand-Leroux, Nicole Croci, Michel Plotkine, Daniel Scherman and Virginie Escriou
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:62
  21. As an epigenetic regulator, the transcriptional intermediary factor 1β (TIF1β)/KAP1/TRIM28) has been linked to gene expression and chromatin remodeling at specific loci by association with members of the heter...

    Authors: Chiung-Wen Chang, Han-Yi Chou, Yu-Sheng Lin, Kuo-Hsiang Huang, Ching-Jin Chang, Tsui-Chun Hsu and Sheng-Chung Lee
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:61
  22. Gene knock down by RNAi is a highly effective approach to silence gene expression in experimental as well as therapeutic settings. However, this widely used methodology entails serious pitfalls, especially con...

    Authors: Cordula Tschuch, Angela Schulz, Armin Pscherer, Wiebke Werft, Axel Benner, Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt, Leticia Serra Barrionuevo, Peter Lichter and Daniel Mertens
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:60
  23. Normalizing to housekeeping gene (HKG) can make results from quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) more reliable. Recent studies have shown that no single HKG is universal for all experiments. Thus, a suitable ...

    Authors: Bo Jian, Bin Liu, Yurong Bi, Wensheng Hou, Cunxiang Wu and Tianfu Han
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:59
  24. Gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for functional genomics. Although RNAi was first described in Caenorhabditis elegans, several nematode species are unable to mount an RNAi response whe...

    Authors: Adam J Shannon, Trevor Tyson, Ilona Dix, Jacqueline Boyd and Ann M Burnell
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:58
  25. The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a sequence specific DNA-binding transcription regulator, which exerts its versatile roles in genome protection and apoptosis by affecting the expression of a large number o...

    Authors: Orsolya Bereczki, Zsuzsanna Ujfaludi, Norbert Pardi, Zita Nagy, Laszlo Tora, Imre M Boros and Eva Balint
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:57
  26. Despite the importance of the BCL2L11 (BIM) protein in various apoptotic processes in development and disease, little is known of the promoter structure of the human BCL2L11 locus and of the cis-acting elements r...

    Authors: Margherita Gaviraghi, Andrea Caricasole, Chiara Costanzo, Daniela Diamanti, Mario Dandrea, Massimo Donadelli, Aldo Scarpa and Marta Palmieri
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:56
  27. Real-time PCR techniques are being widely used for nucleic acids analysis, but one limitation of current frequently employed real-time PCR is the high cost of the labeled probe for each target molecule.

    Authors: Litao Yang, Wanqi Liang, Lingxi Jiang, Wenquan Li, Wei Cao, Zoe A Wilson and Dabing Zhang
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:54
  28. Cardiac arrest, and the associated arrest of blood circulation, immediately leads to permanent brain damage because of the exhaustion of oxygen, glucose and energy resources in the brain. Most hippocampal CA1 ...

    Authors: Kristina Langnaese, Robin John, Hannes Schweizer, Uwe Ebmeyer and Gerburg Keilhoff
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:53
  29. Changes of the interneuronal coupling mediated by electrical synapse proteins in response to light adaptation and receptive field shaping are a paramount feature in the photoreceptor/horizontal cell/bipolar ce...

    Authors: Mahboob Ul-Hussain, Georg Zoidl, Jan Klooster, Maarten Kamermans and Rolf Dermietzel
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:52
  30. The chitin biosynthesis pathway starts with trehalose in insects and the main functions of trehalases are hydrolysis of trehalose to glucose. Although insects possess two types, soluble trehalase (Tre-1) and m...

    Authors: Bin Tang, Xiaofei Chen, Yang Liu, Honggang Tian, Jian Liu, Jian Hu, Weihua Xu and Wenqing Zhang
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:51
  31. Myocyte stress 1 (MS1) is a striated muscle actin binding protein required for the muscle specific activity of the evolutionary ancient myocardin related transcription factor (MRTF)/serum response factor (SRF)...

    Authors: Samir Ounzain, Caroline S Dacwag, Nilesh J Samani, Anthony N Imbalzano and Nelson W Chong
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:50
  32. Adequate stress response is a critical factor during athlete horses' training and is central to our capacity to obtain better performances while safeguarding animal welfare.

    Authors: Katia Cappelli, Michela Felicetti, Stefano Capomaccio, Giacomo Spinsanti, Maurizio Silvestrelli and Andrea Verini Supplizi
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:49
  33. Plasmodium falciparum cysteine proteases (falcipains) play indispensable roles in parasite infection and development, especially in the process of host erythrocyte rupture/invasion and hemoglobin degradation. No ...

    Authors: Sujatha Sunil, Virander S Chauhan and Pawan Malhotra
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:47
  34. Studies of gene expression in post mortem human brain can contribute to understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and deme...

    Authors: David TR Coulson, Simon Brockbank, Joseph G Quinn, Suzanne Murphy, Rivka Ravid, G Brent Irvine and Janet A Johnston
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:46
  35. NKX3.1 and PCAN1 are both prostate-specific genes related to prostate development and prostate cancer. So far, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of the expression of these two genes. In the present ...

    Authors: Wenwen Liu, Pengju Zhang, Weiwen Chen, Chunxiao Yu, Fuai Cui, Feng Kong, Jianye Zhang and Anli Jiang
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:45
  36. In mammals, sex determination is genetically controlled. The SRY gene, located on Y chromosome, functions as the dominant genetic switch for testis development. The SRY gene is specifically expressed in a subpopu...

    Authors: Yoko Miyamoto, Hiroaki Taniguchi, Frédéric Hamel, David W Silversides and Robert S Viger
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:44
  37. Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), whose expression declines during aging in rat liver, has been proposed as an important aging marker. Besides apoptosis, SMP30 also protects cells against various other inj...

    Authors: Bandita Rath, Ravi S Pandey, Priya R Debata, Naoki Maruyama and Prakash C Supakar
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:43
  38. Most enzymatic mutation detection methods are based on the cleavage of heteroduplex DNA by a mismatch-specific endonuclease at mismatch sites and the analysis of the digestion product on a DNA sequencer. Impor...

    Authors: Karine Triques, Elodie Piednoir, Marion Dalmais, Julien Schmidt, Christine Le Signor, Mark Sharkey, Michel Caboche, Bénédicte Sturbois and Abdelhafid Bendahmane
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:42
  39. Circadian oscillation of clock-controlled gene expression is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level. Heterodimers of CLOCK and BMAL1 act as activators of target gene transcription; however, interactions...

    Authors: Sonja Langmesser, Tiziano Tallone, Alain Bordon, Sandro Rusconi and Urs Albrecht
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:41
  40. DNA-based watermarks are helpful tools to identify the unauthorized use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) protected by patents. In silico analyses showed that in coding regions synonymous codons can be use...

    Authors: Dominik Heider and Angelika Barnekow
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:40
  41. The clinical course of cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections and chronic inflammation. We have recently shown that decreased methylation of the toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) pro...

    Authors: Takashi Furuta, Tsuyoshi Shuto, Shogo Shimasaki, Yuko Ohira, Mary Ann Suico, Dieter C Gruenert and Hirofumi Kai
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:39
  42. Cardiomyocyte contraction is initiated by influx of extracellular calcium through voltage-gated calcium channels. These oligomeric channels utilize auxiliary β subunits to chaperone the pore-forming α subunit ...

    Authors: Alicia M Ebert, Catherine A McAnelly, Ashok Srinivasan, Rachel Lockridge Mueller, David B Garrity and Deborah M Garrity
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:38
  43. The display of binding ligands, such as recombinant antibody fragments, on the surface of filamentous phage makes it possible to specifically attach these phage particles to target cells. After uptake of the p...

    Authors: Yoon-Suk A Chung, Katja Sabel, Martin Krönke and Alexander Klimka
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:37
  44. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is involved in diverse cellular processes, and is targeted to substrates via interaction with many different protein binding partners. PP1 catalytic subunits (PP1c) fall into PP1α a...

    Authors: Jasmin Kirchner, Emese Vissi, Sascha Gross, Balazs Szoor, Andrey Rudenko, Luke Alphey and Helen White-Cooper
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:36
  45. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding interfering RNA molecules regarded as major regulators in eukaryotic gene expression. Different methods are employed for miRNA expression profiling. For a bet...

    Authors: Soroush Sharbati-Tehrani, Barbara Kutz-Lohroff, Ramona Bergbauer, Jutta Scholven and Ralf Einspanier
    Citation: BMC Molecular Biology 2008 9:34