Transfection of Sertoli cells with androgen receptor alters gene expression without androgen stimulation

BMC Molecular Biology

Table 3 Upstream regulator analysis with IPA: types of predicted upstream regulators

Activation (n = 51)		Inhibition (n = 20)
Cytokines/group of cytokines	14	Transcription regulator	8
Others/complex of others	8	Cytokine	2
Kinases, group of kinases	8	Enzyme	2
Growth factors/complex of growth factors	6	Other	2
Transcription regulator	6	G-protein coupled receptor	1
Transmembrene receptors	4	Growth factor	1
Enzymes	3	Ligand-dependent nuclear receptor	1
Ligand-dependent nuclear receptor	1	Peptidase	1
Peptidase	1	Phosphatase	1
		Transporter	1

Summarizing the regulator according to their type revealed a high proportion of possibly activated cytokines, whereas transcription regulators play a major role in inhibition
Based on gene expression patterns, predictions are made on activation or inactivation of known upstream regulators. Absolute activation z-scores of higher than 2.0 are considered to be highly significant. We found more than twice as much regulators predicted to be activated as compared to inhibited. These tables show the predicted upstream regulators with an absolute z-score above 2.0 in detail—some are in fact complexes or groups. The prediction is opposed to the real measurement on the micro array (rightmost columns), as far as the respective genes have passed QC and is otherwise marked as “not measured”. Mean expression per group is given as logarithm of the intensity to base 2. Reasonably high expression values are in bold face. The column “regulation AR17” denotes if the respective gene is contained in the set of regulated genes (level = L1) or at least close to significance (level = L2/L3) which holds true for the minority of genes. Activation or inhibition is not necessarily reflected by significant change of gene expression, since processes not measurable on a micro array, like for example phosphorylation, are more likely to be responsible for that

ISSN: 1471-2199