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Figure 3 | BMC Molecular Biology

Figure 3

From: Loss of the insulator protein CTCF during nematode evolution

Figure 3

Presence of CTCF in basal nematodes. Phylogenetic analysis of ZF proteins from nematodes, insects, and vertebrates. The tree topology resulted from protein maximum likelihood, using the model WAG+I+G. To test the robustness of the branching pattern, three bootstrap analyses were performed with protein maximum likelihood (WAG+I+G), neighbor joining, and maximum parsimony methods. Bootstrap support values >50% are shown. Bayesian posterior probabilities, resulting from a Bayesian analysis (model: WAG+I+G), served as additional measure for the confidence of branches. Posterior probabilities >0.94 were considered as significant, lower values were ignored. Ts000x: sequence from T. spiralis, CEx: sequence from C. elegans. All putative as well as annotated CTCF and Boris orthologs form a single, well-supported clade. Note the paralogous clusters of vertebrate CTCF and vertebrate Boris [32] within this clade. No ZF protein of the derived nematode C. elegans clusters to the known CTCFs, whereas a single ZF protein of T. spiralis and CTCFs of two other basal nematodes do so. Several significantly supported clades of non-CTCF zinc finger proteins contain orthologs of both nematode genomes analysed here (Ts/CE), indicating an early diversification of ZF proteins.

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